Notes: Marijuana's Psychic or Physiological Dependence Liability

1 min read

Notes to sections (a) – (c)

1 U.S. Code Cong. & Admin. News (1970) p.4603.

2 ibid. pg. 4578.

3 ibid. pg. 4630.

4 21 USC §812(b)

5 NORML v. DEA, 559 F.2d 735 (1977)

6 NORML v. DEA, 559 F.2d 735, 748. (1977)

7 U.S. Code Cong. & Admin. News (1970) p. 4601.

8 See, for example, Katz v. U.S., 389 U.S. 347, 88 S.Ct. 507, 19 L.Ed.2d 576 (1967)

9 51 FR 22947 (1986)

10 Hollister, 1986 pg. 17.

11 Abood and Martin, 1992 pg. 204.

12 Heath, R.G. (1981 “Drug Addiction: Relation to the Brain Mechanism for Reward and Implication for Survival.” In Nahas, G., Frick, H.C. (1981, Drug Abuse in the Modern World: A Perspective for the Eighties: An International Symposium Held at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University. New York: Pergamon Press, 1981. pg. 1- 6.

13 See, for example, Institute of Medicine, Marihuana and Health (Washington, D.C., National Academy Press, 1982.) pg. 80 – 93.

14 Heath (1981 pg. 5-6.

15 Izenwasser, S., Kornetsky, C. (1992) “Brain-Stimulation Reward: A Method For Assessing the Neurochemical Bases Of Drug-Induced Euphoria.” In Watson, R.A. (1992) Drugs of Abuse and Neurobiology. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pg. 6.

16 U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment (1993) Biological Components of Substance Abuse and Addiction, OTA-BP-BBS-117 (Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, September 1993).

17 Di Chiara, G. and Imperato, A. (1988), “Drugs abused by humans preferentially increase synaptic dopamine concentrations in the mesolimbic system of freely moving rats.” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 85:5274. cited in Izenwasser and Kornetsky, C. (1992)

18 Izenwasser and Kornetsky, C. (1992) pg. 7.

19 Frascella, J., Brown, R. (eds.) Neurobiological Approaches to Brain-Behavior Interaction. National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph 124. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1992.

20 Hoebel, B., Hernandez, L., et al. Microdialysis in the Study of Psychostimulants and the Neural Substrate for Reinforcement: Focus on Dopamine and Serotonin. in Frascella, J., Brown, R. (eds.) Neurobiological Approaches to Brain-Behavior Interaction. National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph 124. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1992. pg. 1-34. pg. 6.

21 ibid. pg. 11.

22 U.S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment (1993) pg. 10-11.

23 Izenwasser and Kornetsky, C. (1992) pg. 12.

24 Abood, M.E., and Martin, B.R. (1992), “Neurobiology of Marijuana Abuse,” Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 13:201-206.

25 U.S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment (1993).

26 Herkenham (1992)

27 Castaneda, E., Moss, D.E., et al. (1991, “THC Does Not Affect Striatal Dopamine Release: Microdialysis in Freely Moving Rats” Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior, Vol. 40, pp. 587-591.

28 Herkenham, et al (1990) pg. 1936.

29 Herkenham (1992) pg. 29.